Between 1947
and the present day, ISO published more than 13 700 International
Standards. ISO's work programme ranges from standards for traditional
activities, such as agriculture and construction, through mechanical
engineering, to medical devices, to the newest information technology
developments, such as the digital coding of audio-visual signals for multimedia
applications.
Standardization of screw threads helps to keep chairs,
children's bicycles and aircraft together and solves the repair and maintenance
problems caused by a lack of standardization that were once a major headache
for manufacturers and product users. Standards establishing an international
consensus on terminology make technology transfer
easier and can represent an important stage in the advancement of new
technologies.
Without the standardized
dimensions of freight containers, international trade would be slower and more
expensive. Without the standardization of telephone and banking cards, life
would be more complicated. A lack of standardization may even affect the
quality of life itself: for the disabled, for example, when they are barred
access to consumer products, public transport and buildings because the
dimensions of wheel-chairs and entrances are not standardized.
Standardized symbols provide
danger warnings and information across linguistic frontiers. Consensus on
grades of various materials give a common reference for suppliers and clients
in business dealings.
Agreement on a sufficient
number of variations of a product to meet most current applications allows
economies of scale with cost benefits for both producers and consumers. An
example is the standardization of paper sizes.
Standardization of performance
or safety requirements of diverse equipment makes sure that users' needs are
met while allowing individual manufacturers the freedom to design their own
solution on how to meet those needs.
Standardized protocols allow
computers from different vendors to "talk" to each other.
Standardized documents speed up the transit of goods, or identify sensitive or
dangerous cargoes that may be handled by people speaking different languages.
Standardization of connections and interfaces of all types ensures the
compatibility of equipment of diverse origins and the interoperability of
different technologies.
Agreement on test methods
allows meaningful comparisons of products, or plays an important part in controlling
pollution - whether by noise, vibration or emissions. Safety standards for
machinery protect people at work, at play, at sea... and at the dentist's.
Without the international
agreement contained in ISO standards on quantities and units, shopping and
trade would be haphazard, science would be - unscientific - and technological
development would be handicapped.
More than half a million
organizations in more 60 countries are implementing ISO 9000 which provides a
framework for quality management throughout the processes of producing and
delivering products and services for the customer.
ISO 14000
environmental management systems are helping organizations of all types to
improve their environmental performance at the same time as making a positive
impact on business results.
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